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this和that的差异有:1.this 体现“这”,指较近的人或物;that 体现“那”,指较远的人或物。2.用来回指上文提到的事务时,二者都可以等差异。

1. this 透露表现“这”,指较近的人或物;that 透露表现“那”,指较远的人或物。如:

This was not just a tax dodge.

这不仅仅是逃税的问题。

This drink tastes like sherry.

这种酒滋味像雪利酒。

This door gives onto the hall.

这道门通往大厅。

What if this doesn't work out?

若是这行不通怎么办呢?

This meat is extremely tender.

这肉嫩得很。

This path leads to the summit.

这条路通往山顶。

This could set a new fashion.

这可能会始创一种新前卫呢。

"Whose is this?""It's mine."

“这是谁的?”“是我的。”

I want this book, not that book.

我要这本书,不是那本书。

This rope is longer than that one.

这根绳索比那根长。

Mind that cup, you clumsy oaf!

留心阿谁杯子,你这笨手笨脚的家伙!

hat sounds great. Deal me in!

这听起来太棒了。算我一个!

Now then, that's enough noise.

好啦,这够吵了。

That noise is driving me nuts!

那噪音吵得我要疯了。

Look! It's going up that tree.

瞧!它正在往那棵树上爬呢。

That was a nasty little trick.

这是个可恶的小圈套。

Could you teach me to do that?

你能教我干那活儿吗?

2.用来回指上文提到的事变时,二者都可以。如:

They're students, not teachers. You know this [that], of course.

他们是学生,不是教师,这点你固然清爽。

John had a bad cold. That [This] was why he didn't turn up.

约翰得了重感冒,这(那)即是他没有来的来因。

若要指下文阐述的事故,凡是要用 this。如:

I want to know this: Is he healthy?

我想知道这一点:他是否很康健。

3. 在打电话时,通常用 this 指自个,用 that 指对方。如:

Hello. This is Jim. Is that John?

喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?

但在美国英语中指对方时也可用 this。

4. 二者均可用作副词,与形容词或副词连用,其义为“这么”“那么”(=so)。如:

It isn't all that cold.

还没冷到那种水平。

I didn't realize she was that ill.

我没料到她病得那么重。

The book is about this thick.

那本书大约有这么厚。

I didn't think it would be this easy.

我没料到会如许简单。

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