初中英语重点语法（初中英语语法有哪些）

初中英语语法有：时态（日常如今时/如今进行时/日常异日时/日常过去时）、从句（宾语从句/定语从句/状语从句）、Can句型、There be、词类等等。

一、时态

普通现在时

概念：通常、再三爆发的举动或举动及而今的某种情状。

时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.

基础构造：①be动词；②行动动词

否认方式：①am/is/are+not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为举止动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原举止动词。

日常疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原动作动词。

此刻进行时

概念：体现现阶段或讲话时正在进行的行动及举动。

时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.

基础布局：am/is/are+doing

否认形态：am/is/are+not+doing.

日常疑问句：把be动词放于句首。

一样平常异日时

概念:透露表现将要产生的手脚，或生计的形态及盘算，计划或准备做某事

时间状语：tomorrow,next day,soon,in a few minutes....

根本布局：1、be going to 2、will/shall do

否认：1、 was / were not 2、举动动词前加didn't，同时还原举动动词

普通疑问句：1、be 放于句首 2、will /shall 提于句首。

日常过去时

概念：往日某个时间里发作的举动或形态；往日习惯性、经常性的举动、行动。

时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

根基机关：①be动词；②行动动词

否认形态：①was/were+not;②在行动动词前加didn't，同时还原行动动词。

平常疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原举动动词。

二、从句

宾语从句

①界说

在句子中起宾语功用的从句叫做宾语从句。

②连接词

that: I think that you can pass the exam.

Whether/if:I wonder if / whether I can get some advice from you.

Ask him whether / if he can come.

“Wh”: I don’t know what the word means.

I don’t know where he found the book.

只用whether的环境：

1. 与or not连用：

I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.

2. 与动词不定式连用：

He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.

3. 连接词前有介词时：

It depends on whether he is coming.

③时态

1. 主句是通常目前时态，从句遵循实际情况而定(百般时态都可)

She wants to know what he has done for the exam.

2.主句是凡是畴前时态，从句用响应的畴前的时态。

1)She said that she was a student.

2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.

3)She said that she had finished her homework already.

3. 假如宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事及时，这时宾语从句要用通常目前时态。

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.

定语从句

①界说

在复合句中点缀名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。

②先行词

先行词指人 who /that

先行词指物 which/ that

定语从句普通紧跟被润饰藻饰的名词或代词(即先行词)后

③关联代词

联系代词替代先行词在句子中担任身分，于是从句中不成再出现其他替代先行词的代词

④翻译攻略 “…. 的”

Whom: 先行词指人，则取代先行词在定语从句中充任宾语(包孕介词的宾语), 与who的差异是若是前方带介词则必须用whom

1. This is the teacher whomwho we like best.

2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.

Whose : 指人或物，作定语，默示 “…的”

eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.

联系代词只能 that 的特别环境：

1.先行词前有序数词润饰藻饰时：

This is the first gift that my parents bought me.

2.先行词前有形容词第一流润饰藻饰时：

This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.

3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.

e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop

4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.

e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.

5. 先行词被all , little , the only , the very(便是，恰是), the last 等词润色时,只能用that

e.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.

6. 独特疑问句以who 或which 开首，只能用that启发.

Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform?

当联系代词前使用介词时：

物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词 + whom

当关联代词前使用介词时：

e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.

2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.

状语从句

①界说

在复合句中由从句示意的状语称作状语从句，它能够用来化装谓语(包孕非谓语动词)、定语或状语，或是所有句子。

②状语从句寻常分为八大类

时间状语从句 处所状语从句

起因状语从句 主意状语从句

结局状语从句 前提状语从句

办法状语从句 退让状语从句

1. 时间状语从句

When ---当……时刻, 通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的行动同时发生。

When I opened the window, I saw him come up.

When --- 正在……的时刻，陡然…。凡是主句是进行时或 be about to 时，在翻译的时刻，when 能够译成没想到或陡然。

I was walking along the street , when I met him.

When 当从句是进行时，主句是一样平常时，常常示意不悦。

Someone knocked at the door when I was having breakfast.

When=after

When the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons.

While ---在……时期，不时指一段时间。

While we were inAmerica, we saw him twice.

While ---体现一种生气心绪，意思是这儿在干某种重要的事，而另一边在享福等。

We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football.

As --- 一面……一面, 跟着

She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.

As --- 当……时，指一个行为紧接着一个行为产生，从句通常用进行时。

As I was going out, it began to rain.

The moment --- 一……就…… =as soon as , immediately,

---Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?

---Yes, I gave her the moment I saw her.

Not… until --- 直到……才

He didn’t leave the office until he finished the work.

Before --- 在……以前

The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.

After --- 在…… 之后

The customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.

Since ---自从……, 泛泛主句用现在完成时

I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.

It is just a week since we arrived here.

As soon as --- 一……就……

Jack went to school as soon as he got well.

No sooner than --- 一……就……

no sooner… than… 用于句首请求倒装

Hardly …when…

Scarcely …when…

No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.

Once --- 一但……就……

Once you see him, you will never forget him.

Every time, each time 每次whenever 每当

Each time he came to town, he would visit our school.

2. 前提状语从句

开导状语从句的连接词有：

If若是, unless除非, as long as只有, As (so) far as --- 据……所知，in case万一, provided that若是, on condition that倘若，以…为前提

If ---假如

If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the plane.

Unless --- 假如不, 除非=if not

We can’t get there on time unless we book the earliest flight

As long as --- 只有

We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.

As (so) far as --- 据……所知

As far as I know, he speaks English very well.

In case --- 倘使, 假如

The plane cannot take off in case it rains.

Provided that 假如,偶尔节略 that

The plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.

On condition that --- 条目是…

He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.

注:主从句的行动发作在未来畴昔时，则主句用未来畴昔时, 从句用凡是现在时。

If he arrives tomorrow, I will be waiting for him at the airport.

3. 所在状语从句

所在状语从句只要两个连词: Where, wherever

Where --- 在……场地

Where there is a will, there is a way.

Wherever --- 非论那儿

Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.

4. 缘故原由状语从句

because, as, since, now that, 和considering that, seeing that 这六个连词都用于示意示意缘故, 但在口气上一个比一个弱.

Because --- 原因,每每从句放在主句后.

Mr Smith was very upset because he couldn’t find his luggage.

As --- 原因, 平日放在句首

As he is honest and modest, all his friends like him.

Since ---既然 因口气较弱, 常译为既然(家喻户晓的来因)

Since everybody has come, we can set off.

Now that --- 既然

Now that you are here, you can join us.

considering that --- 顾及到

Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.

seeing that --- 因为

Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.

5. 后果状语从句

向导了局状语从句的连词有：that, so that, so…that…

such…that So… that --- 太……以至于 so 反面应用形容词或副词, 偶尔节略so只用that

Boeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb喷气炸弹.

So that --- 所以，以便，为了 偶尔so 可以省去

Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.

Such …that… ---太……以至于 用法与so…that雷同，但such 背面应用名词。

The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him.

6. 方针状语从句

向导宗旨状语从句的紧要连词有: that, so that, in order that, for fear that, lest

(So) that --- 以便, 从句中时时使用部分情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等

Let’s take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.

in order that --- 为了, 与so that 相反从句中往往使用部分情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等

School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.

for fear that --- 只怕; 为了避免(某事产生)

He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.

in case --- 万一

You should bring a dictionary in case you need it.

Lest --- 以防万一

The man decided to tell his boss the fact lest he would be angry with him.

7. 倒退腐败状语从句

开导退让状语从句的连词有：Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however, whatever, while, whether.

Although, though ---固然 although 和though 能够调换，但although 常放在句首。Though能够用于倒装。

Although it was raining, the plane managed to take off.

Though he did his best, he didn’t succeed.

As --- 虽然 as 启发退让状语从句时，句子日常平凡倒装。可与though 换取。

Busy as he is, he never misses a football match.

Even if /even though ---假使

Even if you don’t like your boss, you should do your work.

However --- 非论， however 向导退让状语从句时，句子每每倒装

He couldn’t get there on time however fast he drove.

No matter (what, when, where, how) ---岂论(甚么，何时，何地，怎么样)

He wouldn’t forgive me no matter how hard I begged him.

Whatever --- 无论

Whatever other people may say, she won’t change her mind.

While ---即使

While I have sympathy for you, I can’t help you.

Whether ---无论，常与or not 连用

Whether he is good or not, the company decided to send him abroad.

8. 格式状语从句

体式格局状语从句常由: as, as if, as though

as ---与…… 相通

Do in Rome as the Romans do.

as if, as though --- 俨然, 由as if或 as though启发的从句中可用虚拟语气

She stood at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting for someone。