英语三大从句思维导图（英语三大从句）

英语三大从句：宾语从句（在句子中起宾语效用的从句）、定语从句（在复合句中润饰名词、代词的从句）、以及状语从句（在复合句中由从句示意的状语）。

宾语从句

一、界说

在句子中起宾语效用的从句叫做宾语从句。

二、连接词

That: I think that you can pass the exam.

Whether/if:I wonder if / whether I can get some advice from you.

Ask him whether / if he can come.

What: I don’t know what the word means.

Where: I don’t know where he found the book.

只用whether的处境：

1. 与or not连用：

I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.

2. 与动词不定式连用：

He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.

3. 连接词前有介词时：

It depends on whether he is coming.

三、时态

1. 主句是平常如今时态，从句按照实际情况而定(各类时态都可)

She wants to know what he has done for the exam.

2.主句是日常曩昔时态，从句用响应的曩昔的时态。

1)She said that she was a student.

2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.

3)She said that she had finished her homework already.

3. 假如宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事及时，这时宾语从句要用寻常而今时态。

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.

定语从句

一、界说

在复合句中化装名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。

二、先行词

先行词指人 who /that

先行词指物 which/ that

定语从句普通紧跟被点缀的名词或代词(即先行词)后

三、联系代词

关联代词接替先行词在句子中承受身分，以是从句中不成再出现其他接替先行词的代词

四、翻译教程 “…. 的”

Whom: 先行词指人，则接替先行词在定语从句中充任宾语(包含介词的宾语), 与who的差异是假如前方带介词则必须用whom

1. This is the teacher whomwho we like best.

2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.

Whose : 指人或物，作定语，默示 “…的”

eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.

关连代词只能 that 的独特景况：

1.先行词前有序数词点缀时：

This is the first gift that my parents bought me.

2.先行词前有形容词第一流点缀时：

This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.

3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.

e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop

4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.

e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.

5. 先行词被all , little , the only , the very(即是，恰是), the last 等词梳妆化妆时,只能用that

e.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.

6. 独特疑问句以who 或which 起原，只能用that启发.

Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform?

当关联代词前使用介词时：

物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词 + whom

当关联代词前使用介词时：

e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.

2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.

状语从句

一、界说

在复合句中由从句体现的状语称作状语从句，它能够用来梳妆化妆谓语(囊括非谓语动词)、定语或状语，或是全数句子。

二、状语从句寻常分为八大类

时间状语从句 处所状语从句

理由状语从句 方针状语从句

究竟状语从句 条目状语从句

手段状语从句 退让状语从句

1. 时间状语从句

When ---当……时刻, 通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的手脚同时发生。

When I opened the window, I saw him come up.

When --- 正在……的时刻，蓦地…。一般主句是进行时或 be about to 时，在翻译的时刻，when 能够译成没想到或蓦地。

I was walking along the street , when I met him.

When 当从句是进行时，主句是寻常时，每每暗示生气。

Someone knocked at the door when I was having breakfast.

When=after

When the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons.

While ---在……时期，常常指一段时间。

While we were inAmerica, we saw him twice.

While ---透露表现一种生气激情，意思是这儿在干某种重要的事，而另一边在享福等。

We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football.

As --- 侧面……侧面, 跟着

She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.

As --- 当……时，指一个举动紧接着一个举动产生，从句通常用进行时。

As I was going out, it began to rain.

The moment --- 一……就…… =as soon as , immediately,

---Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?

---Yes, I gave her the moment I saw her.

Not… until --- 直到……才

He didn’t leave the office until he finished the work.

Before --- 在……以前

The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.

After --- 在…… 之后

The customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.

Since ---自从……, 平常主句用现在完成时

I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.

It is just a week since we arrived here.

As soon as --- 一……就……

Jack went to school as soon as he got well.

No sooner than --- 一……就……

no sooner… than… 用于句首请求倒装

Hardly …when…

Scarcely …when…

No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.

Once --- 一但……就……

Once you see him, you will never forget him.

Every time, each time 每次whenever 每当

Each time he came to town, he would visit our school.

2. 前提状语从句

向导状语从句的连接词有：

If假如, unless除非, as long as只需, As (so) far as --- 据……所知，in case万一, provided that如果, on condition that倘若，以…为条目

If ---若是

If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the plane.

Unless --- 假如不, 除非=if not

We can’t get there on time unless we book the earliest flight

As long as --- 只需

We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.

As (so) far as --- 据……所知

As far as I know, he speaks English very well.

In case --- 若是, 假如

The plane cannot take off in case it rains.

Provided that 若是,无意简略节略 that

The plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.

On condition that --- 前提是…

He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.

注:主从句的手脚发作在异日时，则主句用异日时, 从句用普通现在时。

If he arrives tomorrow, I will be waiting for him at the airport.

3. 住址状语从句

位置状语从句惟独两个连词: Where, wherever

Where --- 在……处所

Where there is a will, there is a way.

Wherever --- 不管那里

Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.

4. 来历状语从句

because, as, since, now that, 和considering that, seeing that 这六个连词都用于示意示意情由, 但在口气上一个比一个弱.

Because --- 由于,往往从句放在主句后.

Mr Smith was very upset because he couldn’t find his luggage.

As --- 原因, 日常放在句首

As he is honest and modest, all his friends like him.

Since ---既然 因口气较弱, 常译为既然(家喻户晓的原由)

Since everybody has come, we can set off.

Now that --- 既然

Now that you are here, you can join us.

considering that --- 顾及到

Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.

seeing that --- 因为

Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.

5. 下场状语从句

启发后果状语从句的连词有：that, so that, so…that…

such…that So… that --- 太……以至于 so 背面应用形容词或副词, 偶尔节略so只用that

Boeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb喷气炸弹.

So that --- 所以，以便，为了 无意so 可以省去

Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.

Such …that… ---太……以至于 用法与so…that沟通，但such 背面应用名词。

The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him.

6. 目标状语从句

开导目标状语从句的首要连词有: that, so that, in order that, for fear that, lest

(So) that --- 以便, 从句中屡屡使用部分情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等

Let’s take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.

in order that --- 为了, 与so that 不异从句中频频使用部分情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等

School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.

for fear that --- 只怕; 为了防范(某事产生)

He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.

in case --- 万一

You should bring a dictionary in case you need it.

Lest --- 以防万一

The man decided to tell his boss the fact lest he would be angry with him.

7. 倒退腐败状语从句

向导倒退腐败状语从句的连词有：Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however, whatever, while, whether.

Although, though ---固然 although 和though 能够相易，但although 常放在句首。Though能够用于倒装。

Although it was raining, the plane managed to take off.

Though he did his best, he didn’t succeed.

As --- 纵然 as 启发退让状语从句时，句子一般倒装。可与though 相易。

Busy as he is, he never misses a football match.

Even if /even though ---纵然

Even if you don’t like your boss, you should do your work.

However --- 非论， however 向导倒退腐败状语从句时，句子泛泛倒装

He couldn’t get there on time however fast he drove.

No matter (what, when, where, how) ---不论(甚么，何时，何地，如何)

He wouldn’t forgive me no matter how hard I begged him.

Whatever --- 无论

Whatever other people may say, she won’t change her mind.

While ---尽量

While I have sympathy for you, I can’t help you.

Whether ---无论，常与or not 连用

Whether he is good or not, the company decided to send him abroad.

8. 办法状语从句

体例状语从句常由: as, as if, as though

as ---与…… 一律

Do in Rome as the Romans do.

as if, as though --- 宛然, 由as if或 as though开导的从句中可用虚拟语气

She stood at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting for someone。