英语从句类型总结图（英语从句类型总结）

英语从句首要有三种类别，分别为定语从句（限定性定语从句、非限定性定语从句）、状语从句（退让、时间、所在、形式等状语从句）和名词性从句（主语从句等）。

一、定语从句

在复合句中， 点缀名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被点缀的名词或代词叫先行词，开导定语从句的有关连代词 who, whom, whose, which, that等和关连副词where, when, why等，关连代词和关连副词在定语从句中担当句子因素。

1.由who向导的定语从句中，who用作主语， 如：This is the boy who often helps me.

2.由whom向导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.

3.由whose启发的定语从句中，whose用作定语 ，如 ：Do you know the girl whose skirt is white?

4.由which启发的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如：

5.由that开导的定语从句中，that能够指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不行放在介词后背作介词宾语，如：

The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.

6.由when, where, why向导的定语从句，如:

I don't know the reason why he was late.

This is the place where we have lived for 5 years.

I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time.

贯注：先行词是体现处所时，假如从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用 that(which)，假如从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where启发。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)

7. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

(1)限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不需要逗号分隔。开导非限制性定语从句的关联代词有who, whom, whose, which, of which等，这些关联代词都不能节略。

(2)非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的添补注明，没有这种从句，不浸染主句有趣的完备，一般用逗号把主句和从句张开， 关联代词用 which,不消that;指人时可用who,如 ：I have two brothers, who are both students.

二、状语从句

由从句担当的状语，在句子中可化装谓语（或别的动词）、形容词、副词或是全数句子，它能够用来示意时间、住址、来因、主意、后来、条目、格式、比较、退让等。状语从句是一较大的语法项目，也是近几年高考题中常见的一个首要试点。高考中已考试了时间、退让、住址、条目、主意等状语从句，这些从句仍是往后高考热门，应作敷裕准备。同时对格式状语从句也应惹起正视。

1、时间状语从句

示意时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner than, hardly (scarcely) when, every time等启发。

When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.

He started as soon as he received the news.

Once you see him, you will never forget him.

No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.

2、因为状语从句

来因状语从句是体现来因或原由的，启发这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that（既然）等，for 体现因果关系时（它启发的不是从句）为并列连词，口气不如because强。

He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.

As it is raining, I will not go out.

Now that you mention it, I do remember.

3、地方状语从句

开导处所状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。

Sit wherever you like.

Make a mark where you have a question.

4、主意状语从句

启发目标状语从句最常用的词（组）是so, so that（从句谓语常有情态动词）, in order that, in case（以防，免得）等。

Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.

She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.

He left early in case he should miss the train.

5、完结状语从句

终局状语从句是默示形势终局的从句，凡是主句是因素，从句是终局。由so that （从句谓语普通没有情态动词）, so that, such that等开导。

She was ill, so that she didnt attend the meeting.

He was so excited that he could not say a word.

She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.

6、前提状语从句

前提状语从句分真实性（有可能兑现的事变）与非真实性（前提与真相相背或许在说话者看来不大可能兑现的事变）前提句。启发前提状语从句的词（组）重要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。介意：前提从句中的if 不能用whether替代。

If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.

You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.

So far as I know（据我所知）, he will be away for three months.

You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you dont go too far away from the river bank.

If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.

7、倒退腐败状语从句

退让状语从句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether or, no matter who (when, what, ) 等启发。留意：as启发的退让状语从句平常是倒装的。

Though he is a child, he knows a lot.

Child as he is, he knows a lot.

Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, Ill never change my mind.

8、体式格局状语从句

体式格局状语从句常由as, as if (though), the way, rather than等向导。

You must do the exercise as I show you.

He acted as if nothing had happened.

9、比较状语从句

比较状语从句经常使用than, so (as) as, the more the more等启发。

I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.

He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.

The busier he is, the happier he feels.

三、名词性从句

在句子中起名词效用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，是以依据它在句中区别的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

开导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连词：that（无任何词意）；whether, if（均默示“能否”说明从句内容的不确定性）；as if ,as though（均默示“好似”，“如同”）。

以上在从句中均不充任任何身分

毗连代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. Whichever, whomever

相连副词：when, where, how, why

详细分类

1．主语从句

作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句日常平凡由附属连词that，whether，if和邻接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及邻接副词how，when，where，why等词向导。that在句中无词义，只起邻接功用；邻接代词和邻接副词在句中既保持自个的疑难含意、又起邻接功用，在从句中充任从句的身分。比如：

What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说甚么，还不明显。

Who will win the match is still unknown. 谁能博得这场比赛还不得而知。

2．宾语从句

名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。开导宾语从句的联系关系词与开导主语从句表语从句的联系关系词大略雷同，在句中能够作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。

（1） 由连接词that开导的宾语从句

由连接词that向导宾语从句时，that在句中不承当任何身分，在白话或非正式的体裁中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不行省。譬喻：

He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经通告我他来日诰日要去上海。

（2）用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等相干词启发的宾语从句相当于独特疑问句，应注意句子语序要用敷陈语序。比方：

I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他奉告了你甚么。

3．表语从句

在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。向导表语从句的联系词与向导主语从句的联系词大抵相通，表语从句位于结合动词后，偶然用as if向导。其基础组织为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句。譬喻：

The fact is that we have lost the game. 真相是我们已经输了这场比赛。

That's just what I want. 这恰是我想要的。

4． 同位语从句

同位语从句表明其前方的名词的详细内容。同位语从句平常由that启发，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice，demand，doubt，fact，hope，idea，information，message，news，order，problem，promise，question，request，suggestion，truth，wish，word等。比如：

The news that we won the game is exciting.我们博得这场比赛的讯息使人兴奋。

I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候返来。