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宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充任宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句,例如I know (that) you have met him.

1. that启发宾语从句时无寄义,不充任身分,常节略。

that不开导介词的宾语从句,至于except that, in that, save that, but that等是复合附属连词。

I know (that) you have met him.

Let's suppose that one day this happens to you.

在及物动词和宾语从句之间常有间接宾语(指人)。比如:

I told him (that) he was wrong.

在小批动词如:think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, calculate, fancy, reckon, be supposed , seem, appear, feel as if, look as if, look like等后头的从句中的否认词常常迁移到主句谓语动词上,这叫否认前置/否认迁移。(hope“但愿”, guess“以为”后的宾语从句否认不前置。I hope not.“我但愿不是那样的”,是I hope so.的否认式。I don't hope so.是对hope的否认:“我不但愿如此”。)如:

I don't think it will be very cold today.

I don't think you are right.

I don't believe he has finished his work.

注意:

①非必须否认迁移。若需求夸大从句的否认时就不作迁移。

②不可把一切可否认转移动词的否认句都领悟为否认宾语从句,要凭据句意或语境而定。

I don't think diplomacy is a field for private enterprise.

We didn't think we'd be this late.

③当think用在疑问句中,或主句中的谓语动词与状语连用,或主句中的谓语动词被do夸大时,不行否认迁移转变。

Why do you think we can't change your note?

I do believe Tom never tells a lie.

They still didn't believe that the food would come.

I can't believe that they are married.

④否认迁移多用在主句动词为日常现在时的情形。

主句动词为日常昔时时、昔时完成时、昔时进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时,或主句动词与情态动词连用,就不能否认迁徙。此时若主句动词为否认,应思索是不是是对主句动词的否认。

I had thought that he would not come.

我已经想到了他不行来了。

⑤当宾语从句中有no, never, hardly, not at all, not a bit, not...enough, can't help doing等时不行否认迁徙。

I think I can't help laughing if I see it.

I believe he never tells a lie.

很多带宾语补足语的句子要用it作形态宾语,而把宾语从句置于句尾。

We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone.

We thought it a pity that she should have missed the chance.

2. whether, if启发宾语从句:示意“是不是”可互换,白话中罕用if。

He asked if she would come.

细心下列情况下whether不可用if换:

1)启发主语从句置于句首时。

2)whether后没有单词隔断而直接跟or not时。

I don't know whether or not he will come.

3) whether从句作介词宾语时。

They are talking about whether he will win the game.

Everything depends on whether you agree with us.

4)whether后接不定式时。

I don't know whether to attend the meeting.

5)动词discuss, decide的宾语从句时。

3. 毗邻代词what, who, whose等开导的宾语从句。

Tell me what you want.

Do you know who will come at the meeting?

留心:who, whom依照古板语法,从句中who所庖代的名词如果是宾语应用宾格whom,但在白话中罕用who,如:

Do you know whom (who) he will invite?

①whose, which, what三个词都带有形容词性子。whose示意全部,意为“谁的”;which意为“哪一个”,what意为“甚么”。如:

Whose book it is not important.

Please tell me which school you want to go.

He didn't know what time it was.

②一般说来,which指的是在一个切实其实的、较精确的、有限的、较小领域;而what则指较广的或不精确的领域。如:which food,措辞人一般指面前的或精确领域的几种food;what food则指很多food,并且措辞民气中没有数。

I don't know which / what food you want.

假如边界较大可能没有甚么边界,最佳用what food。

4. 毗邻副词when, where, why, how启发的宾语从句。

I don't know when the meeting will be held.

Please tell me where I can find Tom.

He explained to me why he was absent from the meeting.

Can you tell me how I can get to the post office?

5. 可用whatever, whoever, whomever, whenever, wherever等向导宾语从句。

Please write down whatever he is saying.

I don't know whoever will come.

I'll do whatever you ask me to.

6. 默示爱憎心情的动词,如:enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike, don't mind, resent, appreciate(感谢感动)等以及某些介词末了的短语动词如:count on, depend on, rely on, see to, look forward to, be fond of, feel like, see to等后,即便没有宾补也要先接样式宾语it,再接宾语从句。

I like it when she smiles at me.

I love it when you sing.

I hate it if I am spoken to loudly in public.

除了but, besides, except, in, save, beyond六个介词后跟that启发的宾语从句外,其他介词都不能。in that是“原因”的道理,其它五个与that搭配都是“除了……”。

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